State reference · VA
Virginia ADA + employment hiring law
Virginia Human Rights Act / Virginia Values Act, Va. Code § 2.2-3905. Enforced by Virginia Office of Civil Rights (Attorney General). Federal ADA Title I (42 U.S.C. § 12112) applies in parallel.
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State statute
Virginia Human Rights Act / Virginia Values Act is codified at Va. Code § 2.2-3905.
Prohibits employment discrimination based on disability and other protected classes. The Virginia Values Act (2020) substantially expanded employment-discrimination protections.
Federal ADA Title I (42 U.S.C. § 12112) and EEOC implementing regulations (29 C.F.R. Part 1630) apply in parallel.
Enforcing agency
Virginia Office of Civil Rights (Attorney General)
Agency website: https://www.oag.state.va.us/programs-initiatives/office-of-civil-rights
Virginia OCR has a worksharing agreement with the EEOC; charges are typically dual-filed.
Employer-coverage threshold
5+ employees under Va. Code § 2.2-3905(A) for most claims.
Notable feature
The 2020 Virginia Values Act extended employment-discrimination coverage to private-sector employers and added a private right of action that did not previously exist.
What this page is not
This page is a public-record reference to statutes and agencies. It is not a survey of Virginia case law, an enforcement-history summary, or legal advice. Relevant case law and agency-guidance interpretations evolve. Consult qualified employment counsel for Virginia-specific questions.
Related
Frequently asked questions
What is the primary employment-discrimination statute in Virginia?
Virginia Human Rights Act / Virginia Values Act, codified at Va. Code § 2.2-3905. Prohibits employment discrimination based on disability and other protected classes. The Virginia Values Act (2020) substantially expanded employment-discrimination protections.
Which agency enforces employment-discrimination law in Virginia?
Virginia Office of Civil Rights (Attorney General). Virginia OCR has a worksharing agreement with the EEOC; charges are typically dual-filed.
What employer-size threshold applies in Virginia?
5+ employees under Va. Code § 2.2-3905(A) for most claims.
How does Virginia interact with federal ADA Title I?
Federal ADA Title I (42 U.S.C. § 12112) applies to private employers with 15 or more employees nationwide. Virginia employers also face the state-level statutory framework above. Virginia OCR has a worksharing agreement with the EEOC; charges are typically dual-filed.
Where can I read the Virginia statute and agency materials?
Statute citation: Va. Code § 2.2-3905. Agency: Virginia Office of Civil Rights (Attorney General) at https://www.oag.state.va.us/programs-initiatives/office-of-civil-rights. EEOC ADA Title I guidance is available at https://www.eeoc.gov/disability-discrimination.
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